Isingeniso: Emkhakheni wamakhemikhali wansuku zonke, iziqukathi zengilazi zinezici zokucaca okuphezulu nokuzizwa kahle, futhi inqubo ye-sandblasting kanye nenqubo ye-frosting yenza amabhodlela engilazi abe nomuzwa we-hazy nezici ezingasheleli, ezithandwa ngabathengi.Lesi sihloko sabelana ngolwazi olufanele mayelana nenqubo yokuqhunyiswa kwengilazi, inqubo yokuqhwala kanye nemibala, okuqukethwe kungokwereferensi yabangane:
1. Mayelana nokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi
Isingeniso
Ijethi elivamile le-abrasive, ubuchwepheshe buye bathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, bathuthukiswa futhi baphelela.Ngomshini wayo oyingqayizivele wokucubungula kanye nobubanzi obubanzi bokucutshungulwa kanye nokufakwa kwezicelo, isithandwa kakhulu embonini yanamuhla yokwelapha okungaphezulu futhi isisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni Imishini, izinsimbi, imishini yezokwelapha, izinto zikagesi, imishini yendwangu, imishini yokuphrinta nokudaya, amakhemikhali. imishini, imishini yokudla, amathuluzi, amathuluzi okusika, amathuluzi okulinganisa, isikhunta, ingilazi, izitsha zobumba, imisebenzi yezandla, ukulungisa imishini, neminye imikhakha eminingi.
Ijethi eliqhumayo
Ibhekisela kujethi elakhiwe i-abrasive ehamba ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla athile angaphandle.Ukuze kuqhume okomile, amandla angaphandle acindezelwe umoya;ngokuqhunyiswa kwe-liquid, amandla angaphandle yisenzo esixubile somoya ocindezelwe kanye nepompo yokugaya.
Isimiso
Isebenzisa ukugeleza komoya onesivinini esikhulu okwakhiwa lapho umoya onomfutho ophezulu wegazi udlula emigodini emihle yomlomo womlomo, bese iphephetha isihlabathi se-quartz esicolekile noma i-silicon carbide endaweni engilazi, ukuze isakhiwo esingaphezulu sengilazi sonakaliswe njalo. ngomthelela wezinhlayiya zesihlabathi ukwenza indawo ye-matte.
Ukwakheka kwendawo eqhumayo kunqunywa isivinini somoya, ubulukhuni betshe, ikakhulukazi ukuma nobukhulu bezinhlayiya zesihlabathi, izinhlayiya zesihlabathi esihle zenza indawo engaphezulu ibe yisakhiwo esihle, kanti igridi eqinile ingakhuphula isivinini sokuguguleka. indawo yokuqhuma.
I-Abrasive
Isho indlela esetshenziswa enqubweni yokucubungula indiza, okungaba isihlabathi somfula, isihlabathi solwandle, isihlabathi se-quartz, isihlabathi se-corundum, isihlabathi se-resin, isihlabathi sensimbi, isibhamu sengilazi, isibhamu se-ceramic, isibhamu sensimbi, isibhamu sensimbi engagqwali, isikhumba se-walnut, isikhwebu sombila. , njll Izinto ezihlukene kanye nosayizi wokusanhlamvu bakhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukene zenqubo yokuqhumisa.
Isicelo
Hlanza isikali se-oxide, usawoti osele kanye ne-slag yokushisela, izinsalela zangaphezulu phezu kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokusebenza.
Hlanza ama-burrs amancane ebusweni bezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokusebenza.
Isetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa kwangaphambili kokunameka okungaphezulu kanye nokucwecwa kwezinto zokusebenza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunamathela kokunamathela nokucwebezelisa.
Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezingxenye zemishini, ukuthuthukisa izimo zokugcoba zezingxenye zokukhwelana, nokunciphisa umsindo wokusebenza kwemishini.
Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokuqinisa indawo ukuze kuqedwe ingcindezi futhi kuthuthukiswe amandla okukhathala nokumelana nokugqwala kwezingxenye.
Isetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezingxenye ezindala kanye nokulungiswa kwemikhiqizo enesici.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza irabha, ipulasitiki, ingilazi nezinye isikhunta ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuso besikhunta, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesikhunta, ukuthuthukisa izinga lomkhiqizo, nokwandisa impilo yesevisi yesikhunta.
Ukuqeda ukucutshungulwa, susa imihuzuko kanye namamaki okucubungula ezingxenyeni, futhi uthole umphumela wangaphezulu ofanayo nongabonisi.
Thola imiphumela ekhethekile ye-sandblasting, efana ne-sandblasted lettering (ukupenda), ama-jean ashawa ngesihlabathi, ingilazi eyisithwathwa, njll.
Mayelana nokukhuhla
Isingeniso Indlela yokwelapha isithwathwa kukhemistri iwukuba ugaye ingilazi ngomshini noma ngesandla enama-abrasive njenge-silicon carbide, isihlabathi se-silica, impushana yehalananda, njll. ukwenza umfaniswano noma indawo engaphezulu.Ingaphezulu lengilazi nezinye izinto kungabuye kusetshenzwe nge hydrofluoric acid solution.Imikhiqizo iba ingilazi eyisithwathwa neminye imikhiqizo.Ukusebenza kophawu kungcono ngemva kwesithwathwa.
Ingilazi eyisithwathwa isho inqubo yokuguqula indawo yokuqala ebushelelezi yengilazi evamile isuke ebushelelezi iye emabhodweni (engafihli lutho iye engabonakali) ngokucubungula into.Uhlangothi olulodwa noma zombili zengilazi eyisicaba zipholishwa ngomshini noma ngesandla ngama-abrasives afana ne-silicon carbide, isihlabathi se-silica, impushana yehalananda, njll. ukuze kwenziwe umfaniswano noma indawo engaphezulu.Ingaphezulu lengilazi lingacutshungulwa futhi ngesisombululo se-hydrofluoric acid.Umkhiqizo umphumela uba ingilazi frosted.Indawo yengilazi eyisithwathwa icutshungulwa ibe indawo eqinile ye-matte, esabalalisa ukukhanya okusabalalisile futhi enenzuzo yokuba sobala kanye ne-opaque.
Umehluko phakathi kwengilazi efriziwe nengilazi enesandblasted
Iqhwa kanye ne-sandblasting kokubili kwenza inkungu yengilazi, ukuze ukukhanya kwakheke ukuhlakazeka okufanayo ngemva kokudlula emthunzini wesibani.Kunzima kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinqubo ezimbili.Okulandelayo kuchaza izindlela zokukhiqiza zezinqubo ezimbili kanye nendlela yokuzibona..
1. Inqubo yesithwathwa Isithwathwa sisho ukucwilisa ingilazi oketshezini olune-asidi olulungisiwe (noma ukufaka unamathisele one-asidi) ukuze kugcizelelwe ingilazi ene-asidi eqinile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-hydrogen fluoride kusixazululo se-asidi eqinile ibangela ukuba amakristalu akheke phezu kwengilazi. ingilazi ebusweni.Ngakho-ke, uma inqubo ye-frosting yenziwa kahle, indawo yengilazi efriziwe ibushelelezi ngendlela engavamile, futhi umphumela we-haze ukhiqizwa ngokuhlakazeka kwamakristalu.Uma ingaphezulu limaholoholo, kusho ukuthi i-asidi iguguleka ingilazi kakhulu, okungeyokusebenza okungavuthiwe kwenkosi eyisithwathwa.Noma ezinye izingxenye azikabi nawo amakristalu (okwaziwa ngokujwayelekile njengokuthi awanaso isihlabathi, noma ingilazi inamachashaza), okubuye kube ukungasebenzi kahle kobuciko bobuciko.Le nqubo yobuchwepheshe inzima.Le nqubo ibonakala kangcono njengamakristalu akhazimulayo avela endaweni yengilazi, eyakhiwe ngaphansi kwesimo esibucayi, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi i-ammonia hydrogen fluoride isifinyelele ekupheleni kokusetshenziswa.
2. Inqubo yokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi Le nqubo ivame kakhulu.Ishaya ingaphezulu lengilazi ngezinhlayiya zesihlabathi ezikhishwa ngesivinini esikhulu ngesibhamu sesifutho, ukuze ingilazi yakhe indawo eqondile ye-concave-convex, ukuze ifinyelele umphumela wokukhanya okuhlakazayo futhi yenze ukukhanya kuzwakale kufiphele.Ingaphezulu lomkhiqizo wengilazi ene-sandblasted lukhuni ngokuqhathaniswa.Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yengilazi yonakele, kubonakala sengathi ingilazi ekhanyayo ekuqaleni imhlophe ekukhanyeni.Umsebenzi wezandla onzima.
3. Umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo ezimbili uhluke ngokuphelele.Ingilazi eyisithwathwa ibiza kakhulu kunengilazi efakwe isihlabathi, futhi umphumela ungenxa yezidingo zomsebenzisi.Ezinye izingilazi eziyingqayizivele nazo azikufanelekeli ukuqhwa.Ngokombono wokuphishekela izicukuthwane, i-matte kufanele isetshenziswe.Inqubo yokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi ngokuvamile ingaqedwa emafekthri, kodwa inqubo yokufaka isihlabathi akulula ukwenza kahle ngempela.
Ingilazi ye-Frosted ikhiqizwa ngokuzizwa kwesihlabathi, ukuthungwa okuqinile, kodwa amaphethini alinganiselwe;ingilazi ye-sandblasted iqoshwe ngesikhunta bese ifafazwa ngokwezidingo.Ngale ndlela, noma yiziphi izithombe ozifunayo zingaba yiqhwa kune-sandblasted Ubumbudumbudu obungaphezulu kufanele buthambile.
Mayelana nemibala
Iqhaza lombala ukwenza ingilazi ikwazi ukumunca ukukhanya okubonakalayo, ngaleyo ndlela ibonise umbala othile.Ngokwesimo sombala engilazini, ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezintathu: i-ionic colorant, i-colloidal colorant kanye ne-semiconductor compound microcrystalline colorant.Uhlobo, lapho ama-ionic colorants asetshenziswa kakhulu.
1.Ionic colorant
Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, imibala ecebile, kulula ukuyicubungula, izindleko eziphansi, kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokubala, imibala ehlukene ye-ion ikhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo zombala nezimo zangempela.
I-1) Izinhlanganisela ze-Manganese zivame ukusetshenziswa i-manganese dioxide, i-powder emnyama
I-Manganese oxide, impushana emnyama ensundu
I-Potassium permanganate, amakristalu ampunga-nsomi
Izinhlanganisela zeManganese zingenza ingilazi ibe nsomi.I-Manganese dioxide noma i-potassium permanganate ivame ukusetshenziswa.Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika, i-manganese dioxide ne-potassium permanganate ingabola ibe yi-manganese oxide nomoya-mpilo.Ingilazi inombala nge-manganese oxide.I-Manganese oxide ingabola ibe yi-manganese monoxide engenambala nomoya-mpilo, futhi umphumela wayo wombala awuzinzile.Kuyadingeka ukugcina isimo se-oxidizing kanye nezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo elizinzile.I-Manganese oxide nensimbi kusebenza ndawonye ukuze kutholwe ingilazi ewolintshi-ophuzi ukuya kokubomvu okumnyama, okwabelwanwa ngayo ne-dichromate.Ingenziwa ingilazi emnyama.Inani lama-manganese compounds ngokuvamile liyi-3% -5% yezithako, futhi ingilazi ebomvu ekhanyayo ingatholakala.
2) Ama-cobalt compounds
I-cobalt monoxide powder eluhlaza
I-cobalt trioxide ensundu emnyama noma impushana emnyama
Wonke ama-cobalt compounds aguqulwa abe yi-cobalt monoxide ngesikhathi sokuncibilika.I-Cobalt oxide ingumbala oqinile ozinzile, okwenza ingilazi ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane futhi ayithinteki emkhathini.Ukwengeza i-cobalt monoxide engu-0.002% kungenza ingilazi Ithole umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo.Engeza i-cobalt monoxide engu-0.1% ukuze uthole umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile.Izinhlanganisela ze-cobalt zisetshenziswa ngokufanayo nezinhlanganisela zethusi ne-chromium ukukhiqiza ingilazi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza okotshani.Isetshenziswa nezinhlanganisela ze-manganese ukukhiqiza ingilazi ejulile ebomvu, ensomi kanye nemnyama
3) I-Copper compound yethusi sulfate ikristalu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
I-Copper oxide powder emnyama
I-Curous oxide i-crystal powder ebomvu
Ukwengeza u-1% -2% we-copper oxide ngaphansi kwezimo ze-oxidizing kungenza umbala wengilazi.I-Copper oxide ingasebenza ne-cuprous oxide noma i-ferric oxide ukukhiqiza ingilazi eluhlaza.
4) Izinhlanganisela zeChromium
Ikristalu ebomvu ye-sodium dichromate orange
I-Potassium chromate yellow crystal
Ikristalu ephuzi ye-sodium chromate
I-Chromate iboliswa ibe yi-chromium oxide ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, futhi ingilazi inombala oluhlaza ngaphansi kwezimo ezincishisiwe.Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-oxidizing, i-high-valent chromium oxide ikhona futhi, okwenza umbala wengilazi ubephuzi-luhlaza.Ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile ze-oxidation, i-chromium i-oxidized.Lapho inani likhuphuka, ingilazi iba phuzi ngokukhanyayo kuya enanini lenhlanganisela ye-chromium engenambala, u-0.2% -1% we-compound ibalwa njenge-chromium oxide, futhi inani lingu-0.45% wezithako engilazini ye-soda-lime-silicate, oxidized ngaphansi kwezimo ze-oxidation.I-Chrome ne-copper oxide kungasetshenziswa ndawonye ukwenza ingilazi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
5) Izinhlanganisela ze-iron ikakhulukazi ziyi-iron oxide.Impushana emnyama ingafaka umbala wengilazi ibe yi-iron oxide eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza kanye nempushana ensundu ngokubomvu ukuze ifake umbala wengilazi ibe phuzi.
Inhlanganisela ye-iron oxide ne-manganese, noma esetshenziswa nesibabule namalahle agayiwe, ingenza ingilazi ibe nsundu (amber)
2. I-colloidal colorant isebenzisa izinhlayiya ze-colloidal esimweni esihlakazeke kahle engilazini ukuze imunce ngokukhetha futhi ihlakaze ukukhanya ukuze yenze ingilazi ibonise umbala othile.Ubukhulu bezinhlayiya ze-colloidal bunquma kakhulu umbala wengilazi.Umbala we-Colloidal Ngokuvamile, inqubo ekhethekile yokwelapha ukushisa iyadingeka ukuze kufakwe umbala engilazini kanye nombala we-colloid unomphumela okhethekile, kodwa inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphezulu.
3. Umenzeli wombala we-semiconductor microcrystalline Ingilazi equkethe inhlanganisela yesulphur selenium, amakristalu e-semiconductor athola imvula ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa.Ngenxa yokuthi ukuguqulwa kwama-electron ekungeneni kudonsa ukukhanya okubonakalayo futhi kunemibala, umphumela wawo wombala muhle futhi izindleko ziphansi, ngakho-ke uvame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa unaka ukucabangela kokulawula inqubo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022